China's economy urgently needs to cultivate new co

In response to the new pattern of the 13th five year plan, China's economy urgently needs to cultivate new drivers of competitiveness

in response to the new pattern of the 13th five year plan, China's economy urgently needs to cultivate new drivers of competitiveness

information on China's construction machinery

external public opinion believes that through the two sessions, China has transmitted confidence in economic growth to the world and increased the expectations of the international community. As the world's second largest economy and an important engine to promote global economic development, China is turning to a new stage of medium and high-speed growth. Even if the downward pressure on the global economy increases, China's economy will not have a "hard landing". (data and pictures)

the 2016 blue book on China's provincial competitiveness, the report on the development of China's provincial economic comprehensive competitiveness (2014~2015), was recently published by the social science literature press. The blue book focuses on an in-depth analysis of the international competition pattern and situation faced by China during the 13th Five Year Plan period, as well as the key areas and strategic priorities for the improvement of China's economic comprehensive competitiveness during the 13th Five Year Plan period

at the Symposium on regional competition strategy during the 13th Five Year Plan period held by the Chinese Academy of social sciences a few days ago, Li Jianping, editor in chief of the blue book and former president of Fujian Normal University, pointed out that the current international economy is undergoing in-depth adjustment, the global economic recovery is insufficient, downward pressure is increasing, and the task of reform and innovation is arduous. Developed economies such as the United States and Europe have basically maintained a moderate recovery momentum, and most emerging markets are facing severe economic downward pressure in an era of fierce competition. The imbalance and uncertainty of international economic competition have further intensified. In such a situation, China should accelerate the supply side structural reform and technological innovation, and better integrate into the great changes in the international economy

the competition pattern shows a differentiation trend

the blue book points out that since 2014, the world economy as a whole has shown a moderate growth trend, and the economic growth of different countries has shown an obvious differentiation trend; The international trade market demand continues to be depressed, the trade pattern changes, and trade globalization is impacted. In 2014, the global economy grew by an average of 2.5%, and the highest economic growth rate was in South Asia, with an average growth rate of 6.9% in 2014, much higher than that in other regions; The second is East Asia represented by China; The economic growth rate in the EU region is the lowest, but it has begun to turn to a higher and stable growth trend. In terms of international trade, the growth rate of foreign trade exports of G20 member countries has shown a downward or even negative trend, and the international trade market situation is grim

the globalization of international trade faces the risk of disintegration, which is replaced by more regional free trade agreements. Since the rise of regional free trade agreements in 2008, by the end of 2014, 575 world trade agreements had been filed with the WTO, and 379 had been implemented. According to the RTA (regional trade agreement) database of WTO, after 11 regional trade agreements were implemented in 2013, another 7 regional trade agreements were implemented in 2014. The continuous development of regional free trade zones and free trade agreements has built and highlighted a new pattern in addition to international trade

in the current complex world economic situation, the breakthrough of new technology has accelerated the industrial transformation and upgrading, the information industry has rapidly developed into a new growth point of the world economy, and the breeding of new technology has made major economies face risks and opportunities. In terms of opportunities, technological innovation and technological spillovers have a significant impact on the economic system worldwide, and promote major changes in the economic structure accordingly. In terms of risks, the decline of bulk commodity prices may lead to the contraction of the world economy, the gradual retreat of the effects of macroeconomic policies, the disharmony of the world economy, and the change of population structure and the process of urbanization have increased uncertainties

all-round international competition means

the international economic competition pattern is increasingly divided, the international competition means are changing to all-round, and the main areas of international competition are turning to emerging industries, manufacturing upgrading and financial innovation. In 2014, the world economic aggregate reached US $77.8 trillion. The micro Vickers hardness test of high-income countries, middle-income countries and low-income countries is mainly used for metallurgic and metallographic research. Yes, the proportion of serrated countries that need to move forward in the world economic aggregate is 67.8%, 31.7% and 0.5% respectively. In 2014, the per capita GDP of high-income countries reached US $37755, while the per capita GDP of middle-income and low-income countries were US $4706 and US $640 respectively. The imbalance of economic development has not been significantly improved, and developed countries are still dominant in global governance and rule making. The content of economic competition among countries has also gradually changed. Emerging industries represented by energy conservation and environmental protection, high-end equipment manufacturing, information industry, biomedicine, new energy, new materials, modern logistics, etc. have become the main areas of economic competition. Information and communication technology, especially Internet technology, has become the commanding height of competition for all countries

in view of the above characteristics, the blue book points out that China should strive to achieve the following three aspects in coping with the new international competition pattern: first, actively expand the scope and fields of cooperation outside the WTO framework. China advocates the establishment of the BRICs bank and the Asian investment bank, promotes the construction of the "the Belt and Road", signs free trade agreements with Switzerland, Australia, South Korea and other countries, and actively participates in international organizations such as the G20. These are important ways for China to actively respond to the development and changes of the international economic situation, participate in the global governance system, and enhance international competitiveness. Second, under the condition of global value chain division of labor, China should improve its position in the global value chain division of labor and realize the increase of trade income in view of the current weaknesses and shortcomings in China's trade. Third, in the context of globalization entering the third stage (innovation globalization), China should comprehensively promote scientific and technological innovation, constantly improve its competitiveness and compete in the international competition in emerging fields

therefore, during the "13th five year plan" period, the key areas to improve China's comprehensive economic competitiveness are:

first, economic system reform. Dealing with the relationship between the government and the market, solving the problems of imperfect market system, excessive government intervention and inadequate supervision, building a service-oriented government, and finally forming a market that plays a decisive role in resource allocation is the key to further stimulate the vitality and development potential of market players

second, the optimization and upgrading of economic structure. Under the new normal, in order to further enhance the comprehensive competitiveness of China's economy, we must promote the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure, build a modern industrial system, promote the healthy and coordinated development of primary, secondary and tertiary industries, and gradually form an industrial pattern based on modern agriculture, guided by high-tech industries, supported by basic industries and advanced manufacturing industries, and comprehensively developed modern service industries

third, institutional innovation and scientific and technological innovation. Only by comprehensively promoting the construction of economic and social systems centered on the rule of law, providing a standardized, fair, orderly and open institutional supply and institutional environment to the whole society, and promoting institutional innovation, can we lay a good foundation for the implementation of the innovation driven strategy. Scientific and technological innovation, which focuses on improving the ability of independent innovation and promoting the close integration of science and technology with economy, is the strategic support to improve social productivity, comprehensive national strength and economic competitiveness

fourth, regional coordinated development. Optimizing the spatial pattern of economic development, constantly improving regional policies, and promoting the coordinated development, coordinated development and common development of various regions will help to form a new driving force for economic development and expand new space for economic development

fifth, ecological governance and environmental protection. Only by vigorously promoting green transformation and development, accelerating the reform of ecological and environmental protection system, improving environmental governance capacity, and promoting the construction of ecological civilization, can we realize the continuous promotion of economic development while protecting the ecological environment

implement strategic breakthroughs in key areas

looking ahead, economic changes are full of many uncertainties, and opportunities and risks of economic development coexist. In this regard, the blue book points out that focusing on the obstacles and challenges of China's strategic constraints, the improvement of China's comprehensive economic competitiveness during the 13th Five Year Plan period should grasp key areas and implement strategic breakthroughs

second, implement the innovation driven development strategy. Through the implementation of collaborative innovation, strengthen platform support, promote regional innovation cooperation, realize the sharing of innovation resources, accelerate the transformation of innovation achievements, and cultivate more innovation growth poles

third, implement the opening-up strategy. To implement the new round of opening-up strategy, we should focus on building a new pattern of opening-up, with policy communication, road connectivity, unimpeded trade, currency circulation and people to people connectivity as the core, unswervingly promote the implementation of the "the Belt and Road" strategy, strengthen extensive trade and investment cooperation between China and countries along the belt and road, and jointly create a community of mutual benefit and win-win interests

fourth, implement the inclusive development strategy. We should pay attention to the inclusiveness among countries. As a large developing country, China should take the initiative to undertake the country. It should not only strengthen cooperation with developed countries, but also strengthen cooperation with developing countries and underdeveloped countries with the implementation of the "the Belt and Road" strategy, and provide necessary support and assistance to less developed countries

fifth, implement the strategy of winning by quality. Innovation is the basis for implementing the strategy of winning by quality. We should organically combine institutional innovation and scientific and technological innovation, improve total factor productivity, break the technical bottleneck that restricts the improvement of the quality of economic growth, improve production methods, improve production efficiency, improve product quality, enhance the international influence of our products, and constantly accumulate our competitive advantage

sixth, implement reasonable intervention strategies. We should fully respect the role of the market, transform government functions, break the regulation and monopoly of government departments and state-owned enterprises in production and development, and create a fairer market competition environment

the experts attending the meeting believed that during the "13th five year plan" period, China should actively pay attention to the changes in the situation at home and abroad, strengthen strategic coordination and enhance the joint force, fully mobilize the enthusiasm of all development subjects, and vigorously cultivate, introduce and use high-quality talents to ensure the continuous improvement of China's comprehensive economic competitiveness

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